Some of the Important Informations for the Students of HIstory about the Partition of India

Some of the Important Informations for the Students of History about the Partition of India 

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Partition of India took place in 1947. As a result of it, Pakistan emerged as a new country. Here is given some information for students of history about the partition of India. This information is free of cost.

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Direct Action Day (August 16, 1946)

On July 29, 1946, in Bombay the Muslim League passed a resolution and  revoked its decision to support the Cabinet Mission Plan. Jinnah announced that the Muslim League should goodbye to constitutional methods and take ‘Direct Action’ to achieve Pakistan, to get rid of the present British slavery and contemplated future caste Hindu domination. As a protest against ‘their deep resentment of the attitude of the British’, the Muslim League called upon the Muslims to return the titles ‘conferred upon them by the British Government’. The Muslim League ordered ‘Direct Action’ or mass agitation in Calcutta on August 16,1946. Thousands of Persons were killed in this brutal action. Hindus were massacred on a large scale. Thousands of persons were done to death with the police observing the holocaust passively.

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Interim Government 

Jawahar Lal Nehru assumed the charge of Interim Government on September 2, 1946, after the decision of the Muslim League not to join it. Sardar Baldev Singh, Minister of Development in the Coalition Government of Punjab, took over the portfolio of Defence. The Muslim League joined the Interim Government on October 26, 1946. Liaqat Ali Khan, Ismail Ibrahim Chundrigar, Abdur Rab Nishtar, Ghazanfar Ali Khan, and Joginder Nath Mandal were inducted into the Interim Government at Jinnah’s proposal and were given the portfolios of Finance, Commerce, Post, Air and Health respectively. The arrangement of an Interim Government proved unworkable. It became clear that no Government, which included the Muslim League, could function and Partition of India would be the solution. Outside the Government, the Hindu and Muslim communities poised against each other. The country stood at the verge of the civil war. Meanwhile there had been a marked deterioration in the situation in Punjab. The responsibility for this rested largely on the communal disturbances in the other parts of the country. Jinnah declared at Delhi on November 14,1946 that the only solution to the Indian problem was a division of British India into Pakistan and Hindustan whose constitutions should be drawn up by two constituent bodies. Jinnah’s declaration caused communal strife and the situation in Punjab worsened rapidly. Lord Attlee declared on February 20, 1947, of his intentions to Transfer Power to responsible Indian hands by June, 1948, emboldened the Muslim League to intensify the struggle to get its demand of Pakistan conceded.

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Mountbatten Plan or 3rd June Plan

On June 2, 1947, the Indian leaders who held the power to decide the destiny of the subcontinent, gathered at the Viceroy’s house in Delhi. In the conference with the Viceroy, Jinnah, Liaquat Ali Khan and Abdur Rab Nishtar represented the Muslim League, while Jawahar Lal Nehru, Vallabha Bhai Patel and Acharya Kripalani represented the Congress. The Sikhs were represented by Sardar Baldev Singh. The Viceroy put his plan of partition before them. As the conference continued till next day, these leaders assembled at Viceroy’s House on June 3, 1947 and the representatives of the Congress, Muslim League and the sikhs intimated the Viceroy of the acceptance of the proposals. Lord Mountbatten, The Viceroy announced the British Government’s plan of June 3, 1947.1. The British would Transfer the Power on August 15, 1947 to one or two successor authorities as the case might be.2. There would be two constituent Assemblies.3. Bengal and Punjab would be divided provided their legislative Assemblies so decided and referendum would be taken in NWFP to decide it would participate in the existing constituent of representatives of area.

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